Collected as part of a survey. Possible questions could ask the extent to which respondents agree or disagree with the statement:
- 'I feel that my future will be better than my life is now'
- 'I think that the situation in my community will be better this time next year than it is now'
- 'I think that the situation in my country will be better this time next year than it is now'
For analysis a simpe percentage should be taken of the number of respondents reporting that they agree or straongly agree with the statement. Care should be taken in deciding whether this percentage applies to just those surveyed or whther it can be ascribed to the population as a whole. This will depend on the design of the survey and whether it was a representative sample of the population.